What is the phenomenon of inertia?

Inertia is a fundamental concept in physics, specifically related to Newton's first law of motion, which states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force. The correct choice emphasizes that inertia is the property of an object that makes it resistant to changes in its state of motion. This means that if an object is stationary, it will resist any attempt to move it, and if it is in motion, it will resist any attempt to change its speed or direction.

Inertia is directly related to mass: the greater the mass of an object, the greater its inertia and therefore the more force is required to change its state of motion. Understanding this concept is crucial because it helps explain why we observe certain behaviors in objects, such as how a more massive object requires a larger force to accelerate compared to a less massive object.

Other options refer to different concepts in physics. The ability of an object to exert force relates more to its interaction with other forces rather than inertia itself. The attraction between two masses refers to gravitational force, which, while it can affect motion, is not the same as inertia. The frictional force acting on a moving object