What is defined as the amount of force multiplied by the distance an object moves?

The concept described in the question is known as work. Work is defined as the product of the force applied to an object and the distance over which that force is applied, specifically when the force is applied in the direction of the object's movement. Mathematically, it can be represented as:

Work = Force × Distance × cos(θ)

where θ is the angle between the force and the direction of motion. If the force is applied in the same direction as the movement, θ is 0 degrees, and cos(0) equals 1, simplifying the equation to Work = Force × Distance.

This definition highlights that for work to be done, an object must move a certain distance under the influence of a force. Understanding work is crucial in physics as it relates to energy transfer and is foundational to many principles governing motion and mechanics.