What are the main types of chemical reactions?

The main types of chemical reactions are characterized by the nature of the processes involved. Among these types, synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, and combustion are fundamental categories that describe how reactants are transformed into products.

Synthesis reactions involve the combination of two or more reactants to form a single product. Decomposition reactions are the opposite; they occur when a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. Single replacement reactions involve one element replacing another in a compound, while double replacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between two compounds. Combustion reactions are a specific type of reaction involving the reaction of a substance with oxygen, typically producing heat and light.

These five categories provide a comprehensive framework for understanding the majority of chemical reactions encountered in various chemical processes. The depth and range of these reactions highlight the complexity and diversity of chemical interactions, which makes option C the most complete and accurate choice when considering the primary types of chemical reactions in chemistry.

Other options, while containing some correct terms, do not encompass the full spectrum of chemical reactions or incorrectly classify them (like distillation and evaporation, which are physical processes, not chemical reactions).